Coming of Culture "Culture" -- a means by which a way of life is transmitted from one generation to another by language or symbols -- was tedious before the alphabet, sketching and the creation of symbols were codified and literally, "cast in concrete." Lifting had its place of importance in the understanding of past cultures for the great monuments left behind through centuries could not have been created without an ever-greater understanding and application of the elevating science. At first, the monuments were basic, stressing height and massiveness -- a Tower of Babel, ziggurat or pyramid. Elevating was required no less as artistic skills developed and great pieces of statuary had to be hoisted. With the coming of leisure time, and the penchant of the aristocracy to placate the mass of citizenry, huge amphitheaters were built and lifting became central to the entertainment. Artistic expression for the elite also made use of lifting devices, adding elegance and surprise to the presentation. When religion became the primary means by which culture was passed down through generations, the emphasis was upon building large churches and cathedrals ­ the higher the rank of the sponsor -- royalty or bishop -- the more magnificent the latter structure and greater the need for years of elevating materials."